show me a full glass of red wine here is an image of a full glass of red wine
an image of a full glass of red wine
an image of a full glass of red wine placed on a wooden table no I I said a
placed on a wooden table no I I said a
placed on a wooden table no I I said a full glass of red wine here is an image
full glass of red wine here is an image
full glass of red wine here is an image of a completely full glass of red wine
of a completely full glass of red wine
of a completely full glass of red wine filled to the very brim let me know if
filled to the very brim let me know if
filled to the very brim let me know if you'd like any further adjustments does
you'd like any further adjustments does
you'd like any further adjustments does that look like it's filled to the brim
that look like it's filled to the brim
that look like it's filled to the brim to you you're right it doesn't quite
to you you're right it doesn't quite
to you you're right it doesn't quite look like it's filled to the absolute
look like it's filled to the absolute
look like it's filled to the absolute brim let me try again and ensure the
brim let me try again and ensure the
brim let me try again and ensure the glass appears completely full with the
glass appears completely full with the
glass appears completely full with the wine nearly overflowing at the edge
wine nearly overflowing at the edge
wine nearly overflowing at the edge here's a new version with the glass of
here's a new version with the glass of
here's a new version with the glass of red wine filled completely to the brim
red wine filled completely to the brim
red wine filled completely to the brim showing the surface tension holding the
showing the surface tension holding the
showing the surface tension holding the wine in place mate that's still only
wine in place mate that's still only
wine in place mate that's still only half full you're absolutely right again
half full you're absolutely right again
half full you're absolutely right again let me try once more to create an image
let me try once more to create an image
let me try once more to create an image of a glass completely filled to the brim
of a glass completely filled to the brim
of a glass completely filled to the brim leaving no room for ambiguity I'll
leaving no room for ambiguity I'll
leaving no room for ambiguity I'll ensure it looks like the wine is almost
ensure it looks like the wine is almost
ensure it looks like the wine is almost spilling
spilling
spilling over wow that's a fun one but the glass
over wow that's a fun one but the glass
over wow that's a fun one but the glass remains palpably definitively manifestly
remains palpably definitively manifestly
remains palpably definitively manifestly half full you're absolutely right again
half full you're absolutely right again
half full you're absolutely right again let's get it perfect this time I'll
let's get it perfect this time I'll
let's get it perfect this time I'll ensure the glass is so full it leaves No
ensure the glass is so full it leaves No
ensure the glass is so full it leaves No Doubt with the wine literally on the
Doubt with the wine literally on the
Doubt with the wine literally on the verge of spilling over let me make it
verge of spilling over let me make it
verge of spilling over let me make it unmistakably filled to the brim here's
unmistakably filled to the brim here's
unmistakably filled to the brim here's the new attempt featuring a glass of red
the new attempt featuring a glass of red
the new attempt featuring a glass of red wine undeniably fills to the very brim
wine undeniably fills to the very brim
wine undeniably fills to the very brim let me know if this finally hits the
let me know if this finally hits the
let me know if this finally hits the mark you would make a terrible bartender
mark you would make a terrible bartender
mark you would make a terrible bartender touche clearly my glass filling skills
touche clearly my glass filling skills
touche clearly my glass filling skills could use some work if you ever need
could use some work if you ever need
could use some work if you ever need someone to critique philosophy or make
someone to critique philosophy or make
someone to critique philosophy or make clickbait video titles instead I'm your
clickbait video titles instead I'm your
clickbait video titles instead I'm your person touche indeed okay what is going
person touche indeed okay what is going
person touche indeed okay what is going on chat GPT can show me a glass of wine
on chat GPT can show me a glass of wine
on chat GPT can show me a glass of wine with wings if I ask it to but it can't
with wings if I ask it to but it can't
with wings if I ask it to but it can't show me one that's simply full to the
show me one that's simply full to the
show me one that's simply full to the brim why well we have to understand how
brim why well we have to understand how
brim why well we have to understand how AI image generation works if I ask chat
AI image generation works if I ask chat
AI image generation works if I ask chat gbt to show me a horse it doesn't
gbt to show me a horse it doesn't
gbt to show me a horse it doesn't actually know what a horse is instead
actually know what a horse is instead
actually know what a horse is instead it's been trained on millions of images
it's been trained on millions of images
it's been trained on millions of images each labeled with descriptions when I
each labeled with descriptions when I
each labeled with descriptions when I ask for a horse it looks at all of its
ask for a horse it looks at all of its
ask for a horse it looks at all of its training images labeled horse identifies
training images labeled horse identifies
training images labeled horse identifies patterns and takes an educated guess at
patterns and takes an educated guess at
patterns and takes an educated guess at the kind of image I want to see and it's
the kind of image I want to see and it's
the kind of image I want to see and it's pretty good at it it can then start
pretty good at it it can then start
pretty good at it it can then start combining Concepts so if I ask to see a
combining Concepts so if I ask to see a
combining Concepts so if I ask to see a horse in a swimming pool well it's never
horse in a swimming pool well it's never
horse in a swimming pool well it's never seen that before but it has seen images
seen that before but it has seen images
seen that before but it has seen images of horses and images of swimming pools
of horses and images of swimming pools
of horses and images of swimming pools so it can show me a horse in a swimming
so it can show me a horse in a swimming
so it can show me a horse in a swimming pool by just putting them together so
pool by just putting them together so
pool by just putting them together so here's what seems to be the problem when
here's what seems to be the problem when
here's what seems to be the problem when I ask chat GPT for a glass of wine
I ask chat GPT for a glass of wine
I ask chat GPT for a glass of wine filled to the brim its image generator
filled to the brim its image generator
filled to the brim its image generator checks all the images in its system but
checks all the images in its system but
checks all the images in its system but here's the thing when was the last time
here's the thing when was the last time
here's the thing when was the last time you saw a wine glass filled to the brim
you saw a wine glass filled to the brim
you saw a wine glass filled to the brim I've never seen that before for it's
I've never seen that before for it's
I've never seen that before for it's just not how people pour wine so there
just not how people pour wine so there
just not how people pour wine so there are probably barely any images of this
are probably barely any images of this
are probably barely any images of this in chat gbt's data set and that's why it
in chat gbt's data set and that's why it
in chat gbt's data set and that's why it struggles to produce such an image now
struggles to produce such an image now
struggles to produce such an image now you may think that this is just a
you may think that this is just a
you may think that this is just a language issue maybe chat GPT assumes
language issue maybe chat GPT assumes
language issue maybe chat GPT assumes that in this context full means normal
that in this context full means normal
that in this context full means normal drinking level but even when I asked it
drinking level but even when I asked it
drinking level but even when I asked it to show me a random orange liquid in a
to show me a random orange liquid in a
to show me a random orange liquid in a wine glass up to the brim without using
wine glass up to the brim without using
wine glass up to the brim without using the word full it still couldn't do it
the word full it still couldn't do it
the word full it still couldn't do it and comically when I asked it for a wine
and comically when I asked it for a wine
and comically when I asked it for a wine glass overflowing with wine it showed me
glass overflowing with wine it showed me
glass overflowing with wine it showed me the liquid overflowing through the
the liquid overflowing through the
the liquid overflowing through the middle of the glass and it gets weirder
middle of the glass and it gets weirder
middle of the glass and it gets weirder because this also works in the opposite
because this also works in the opposite
because this also works in the opposite direction I asked for a glass of wine
direction I asked for a glass of wine
direction I asked for a glass of wine only a quarter full it showed me a glass
only a quarter full it showed me a glass
only a quarter full it showed me a glass filled to a normal level then I asked
filled to a normal level then I asked
filled to a normal level then I asked for a wine glass only one tenth full I
for a wine glass only one tenth full I
for a wine glass only one tenth full I asked for one with a tiny drop of wine
asked for one with a tiny drop of wine
asked for one with a tiny drop of wine in it then I specifically asked for a
in it then I specifically asked for a
in it then I specifically asked for a tablespoon worth of wine in a glass
tablespoon worth of wine in a glass
tablespoon worth of wine in a glass every single time it failed so it seems
every single time it failed so it seems
every single time it failed so it seems that Chachi BT can only produce a wine
that Chachi BT can only produce a wine
that Chachi BT can only produce a wine glass that's either completely empty or
glass that's either completely empty or
glass that's either completely empty or filled to a normal drinking level but
filled to a normal drinking level but
filled to a normal drinking level but nothing in between and nothing more and
nothing in between and nothing more and
nothing in between and nothing more and surprisingly all of this might teach us
surprisingly all of this might teach us
surprisingly all of this might teach us something about the work of a famous
something about the work of a famous
something about the work of a famous philosopher from a few hundred years ago
philosopher from a few hundred years ago
philosopher from a few hundred years ago whom you've probably heard of and that's
whom you've probably heard of and that's
whom you've probably heard of and that's this guy David Hugh who was not only one
this guy David Hugh who was not only one
this guy David Hugh who was not only one of the most influential philosophers of
of the most influential philosophers of
of the most influential philosophers of the 18th century but also provided the
the 18th century but also provided the
the 18th century but also provided the inspiration for this statue allowing me
inspiration for this statue allowing me
inspiration for this statue allowing me to write this entire trip to Edinburgh
to write this entire trip to Edinburgh
to write this entire trip to Edinburgh off as a tax expense thank you Mr H you
off as a tax expense thank you Mr H you
off as a tax expense thank you Mr H you see I'm all about SA money and so allow
see I'm all about SA money and so allow
see I'm all about SA money and so allow me to provide you some great value for
me to provide you some great value for
me to provide you some great value for money too if you don't mind if you care
money too if you don't mind if you care
money too if you don't mind if you care at all about internet security you
at all about internet security you
at all about internet security you should know that when you're browsing on
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an unencrypted Wi-Fi network your data
an unencrypted Wi-Fi network your data is at risk hackers on that same network
is at risk hackers on that same network
is at risk hackers on that same network may be able to steal important
may be able to steal important
may be able to steal important information photos passwords keystrokes
information photos passwords keystrokes
information photos passwords keystrokes and so on luckily you can protect
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extra for free that said back to David
extra for free that said back to David Hume David Hume was an empiricist an
Hume David Hume was an empiricist an
Hume David Hume was an empiricist an empiricist believes that all human
empiricist believes that all human
empiricist believes that all human knowledge ultimately comes from our
knowledge ultimately comes from our
knowledge ultimately comes from our observations or things that we
observations or things that we
observations or things that we experience with our senses this is
experience with our senses this is
experience with our senses this is opposed to rationalists who think that
opposed to rationalists who think that
opposed to rationalists who think that knowledge can be innate without needing
knowledge can be innate without needing
knowledge can be innate without needing observation or experience let's see why
observation or experience let's see why
observation or experience let's see why hum believed this he begins his treaties
hum believed this he begins his treaties
hum believed this he begins his treaties of human nature by observing that all
of human nature by observing that all
of human nature by observing that all human thoughts seem to come in one of
human thoughts seem to come in one of
human thoughts seem to come in one of two kinds he calls these Impressions and
two kinds he calls these Impressions and
two kinds he calls these Impressions and ideas take a look at your hand right now
ideas take a look at your hand right now
ideas take a look at your hand right now your mind is deceiving its shape its
your mind is deceiving its shape its
your mind is deceiving its shape its color its size and so on now close your
color its size and so on now close your
color its size and so on now close your eyes and just imagine your hand most of
eyes and just imagine your hand most of
eyes and just imagine your hand most of you can still see it in your head your
you can still see it in your head your
you can still see it in your head your mind is still perceiving its shape its
mind is still perceiving its shape its
mind is still perceiving its shape its color its size and so on but only in a
color its size and so on but only in a
color its size and so on but only in a much fainter and less Vivid sense than a
much fainter and less Vivid sense than a
much fainter and less Vivid sense than a moment ago these are oh you can open
moment ago these are oh you can open
moment ago these are oh you can open your eyes Again by the way these are the
your eyes Again by the way these are the
your eyes Again by the way these are the two kinds of mental perceptions that
two kinds of mental perceptions that
two kinds of mental perceptions that Hume defines when you look at your hand
Hume defines when you look at your hand
Hume defines when you look at your hand you're experiencing an impression
you're experiencing an impression
you're experiencing an impression something which impresses itself upon
something which impresses itself upon
something which impresses itself upon you when you imagine your hand you're
you when you imagine your hand you're
you when you imagine your hand you're experiencing an idea ideas are weaker
experiencing an idea ideas are weaker
experiencing an idea ideas are weaker more faded versions of Impressions and
more faded versions of Impressions and
more faded versions of Impressions and crucially for Hume everything we think
crucially for Hume everything we think
crucially for Hume everything we think about always comes in these pairs he
about always comes in these pairs he
about always comes in these pairs he writes all perceptions of the Mind are
writes all perceptions of the Mind are
writes all perceptions of the Mind are double and appear both as Impressions
double and appear both as Impressions
double and appear both as Impressions and ideas for example you can't have an
and ideas for example you can't have an
and ideas for example you can't have an idea of red unless you first had an
idea of red unless you first had an
idea of red unless you first had an impression of red that's why people
impression of red that's why people
impression of red that's why people blind from birth can't imagine color
blind from birth can't imagine color
blind from birth can't imagine color they have to come as a pair likewise if
they have to come as a pair likewise if
they have to come as a pair likewise if you've ever heard the sound of a trumpet
you've ever heard the sound of a trumpet
you've ever heard the sound of a trumpet before you can probably reconstruct that
before you can probably reconstruct that
before you can probably reconstruct that sound in your memory making an idea out
sound in your memory making an idea out
sound in your memory making an idea out of that impression another pair now you
of that impression another pair now you
of that impression another pair now you might ask well Mr Hume if ideas and
might ask well Mr Hume if ideas and
might ask well Mr Hume if ideas and Impressions always come in pairs how
Impressions always come in pairs how
Impressions always come in pairs how come I can have an idea of something
come I can have an idea of something
come I can have an idea of something which I've never seen like a unicorn
which I've never seen like a unicorn
which I've never seen like a unicorn well a unicorn is what Hume calls a
well a unicorn is what Hume calls a
well a unicorn is what Hume calls a complex idea a complex idea is one that
complex idea a complex idea is one that
complex idea a complex idea is one that you can break down into Parts you may
you can break down into Parts you may
you can break down into Parts you may never have seen a unicorn but you have
never have seen a unicorn but you have
never have seen a unicorn but you have seen a horse and you have seen a horn
seen a horse and you have seen a horn
seen a horse and you have seen a horn and you can kind of just Stitch these
and you can kind of just Stitch these
and you can kind of just Stitch these together in your mind and this creates a
together in your mind and this creates a
together in your mind and this creates a unicorn but it's not just ideas which
unicorn but it's not just ideas which
unicorn but it's not just ideas which can be complex real world Impressions
can be complex real world Impressions
can be complex real world Impressions can be complex too hume's example is an
can be complex too hume's example is an
can be complex too hume's example is an apple the impression of an apple is
apple the impression of an apple is
apple the impression of an apple is actually lots of different Impressions
actually lots of different Impressions
actually lots of different Impressions its size its shape its color its taste
its size its shape its color its taste
its size its shape its color its taste and so on all bundled together that
and so on all bundled together that
and so on all bundled together that makes it complex but now just take the
makes it complex but now just take the
makes it complex but now just take the Apple's green color this greenness can't
Apple's green color this greenness can't
Apple's green color this greenness can't be broken down into Parts it's just
be broken down into Parts it's just
be broken down into Parts it's just green this is what Hume calls a simple
green this is what Hume calls a simple
green this is what Hume calls a simple perception one that can't be broken down
perception one that can't be broken down
perception one that can't be broken down any further so complex ideas and
any further so complex ideas and
any further so complex ideas and Impressions don't always have to come in
Impressions don't always have to come in
Impressions don't always have to come in identical pairs but all simple ideas
identical pairs but all simple ideas
identical pairs but all simple ideas must have a corresponding simple
must have a corresponding simple
must have a corresponding simple impression and since this is universal
impression and since this is universal
impression and since this is universal it can't just be by chance
it can't just be by chance
it can't just be by chance Hume concludes that one of these must
Hume concludes that one of these must
Hume concludes that one of these must cause the other and since Impressions
cause the other and since Impressions
cause the other and since Impressions always come before the corresponding
always come before the corresponding
always come before the corresponding ideas and never the other way around
ideas and never the other way around
ideas and never the other way around Hume concludes that Impressions must be
Hume concludes that Impressions must be
Hume concludes that Impressions must be the cause of ideas and hey take note
the cause of ideas and hey take note
the cause of ideas and hey take note we've just arrived at what empiricism is
we've just arrived at what empiricism is
we've just arrived at what empiricism is empiricism is the idea that all of your
empiricism is the idea that all of your
empiricism is the idea that all of your knowledge is caused by your experience
knowledge is caused by your experience
knowledge is caused by your experience and Hume says that all of our ideas are
and Hume says that all of our ideas are
and Hume says that all of our ideas are caused ultimately by Impressions why
caused ultimately by Impressions why
caused ultimately by Impressions why have I told you all of this well because
have I told you all of this well because
have I told you all of this well because if if you think about it chat GPT thinks
if if you think about it chat GPT thinks
if if you think about it chat GPT thinks in a kind of similar way to hume's
in a kind of similar way to hume's
in a kind of similar way to hume's empiricism all of its ideas like
empiricism all of its ideas like
empiricism all of its ideas like generating a horse must be derived from
generating a horse must be derived from
generating a horse must be derived from its Impressions that is its training
its Impressions that is its training
its Impressions that is its training data and just like us it can then take
data and just like us it can then take
data and just like us it can then take simple ideas and put them together to
simple ideas and put them together to
simple ideas and put them together to create complex ideas that's how it can
create complex ideas that's how it can
create complex ideas that's how it can produce a horse in a swimming pool and
produce a horse in a swimming pool and
produce a horse in a swimming pool and so I bring all of this up because maybe
so I bring all of this up because maybe
so I bring all of this up because maybe our AI wine glass situation might
our AI wine glass situation might
our AI wine glass situation might therefore be able to teach us something
therefore be able to teach us something
therefore be able to teach us something thing about hume's empiricism while AI
thing about hume's empiricism while AI
thing about hume's empiricism while AI systems may work very differently to
systems may work very differently to
systems may work very differently to human minds they could still provide an
human minds they could still provide an
human minds they could still provide an instructive metaphor for understanding
instructive metaphor for understanding
instructive metaphor for understanding and testing hume's ideas let's look
and testing hume's ideas let's look
and testing hume's ideas let's look further interestingly David Hume admits
further interestingly David Hume admits
further interestingly David Hume admits that he can never exactly prove his
that he can never exactly prove his
that he can never exactly prove his theory that ideas always come from
theory that ideas always come from
theory that ideas always come from Impressions why well because we can't go
Impressions why well because we can't go
Impressions why well because we can't go through every single possible idea a
through every single possible idea a
through every single possible idea a person can have and check that it does
person can have and check that it does
person can have and check that it does indeed break down into some Cor
indeed break down into some Cor
indeed break down into some Cor responding impression universally
responding impression universally
responding impression universally instead Hume challenges Skeptics of his
instead Hume challenges Skeptics of his
instead Hume challenges Skeptics of his view to find a single counter example to
view to find a single counter example to
view to find a single counter example to disprove his theory he writes but if
disprove his theory he writes but if
disprove his theory he writes but if anyone should deny this Universal
anyone should deny this Universal
anyone should deny this Universal resemblance between Impressions and
resemblance between Impressions and
resemblance between Impressions and ideas I know no way of convincing him
ideas I know no way of convincing him
ideas I know no way of convincing him but by Desiring him to show a simple
but by Desiring him to show a simple
but by Desiring him to show a simple impression that has not a correspondent
impression that has not a correspondent
impression that has not a correspondent idea or a simple idea that has not a
idea or a simple idea that has not a
idea or a simple idea that has not a correspondent impression if he does not
correspondent impression if he does not
correspondent impression if he does not answer this challenge as is certain he
answer this challenge as is certain he
answer this challenge as is certain he cannot we may from his silence and our
cannot we may from his silence and our
cannot we may from his silence and our own observation establish our conclusion
own observation establish our conclusion
own observation establish our conclusion so it's a challenge if you think Hume is
so it's a challenge if you think Hume is
so it's a challenge if you think Hume is wrong all you have to do to prove it is
wrong all you have to do to prove it is
wrong all you have to do to prove it is provide a single counter example just
provide a single counter example just
provide a single counter example just show a single simple idea which has no
show a single simple idea which has no
show a single simple idea which has no corresponding impression and Hume is
corresponding impression and Hume is
corresponding impression and Hume is certain it cannot be
certain it cannot be
certain it cannot be done except unfortunately there actually
done except unfortunately there actually
done except unfortunately there actually is a famous counter example take a look
is a famous counter example take a look
is a famous counter example take a look at the colors on your screen it's a
at the colors on your screen it's a
at the colors on your screen it's a scale from a dark shade of blue all the
scale from a dark shade of blue all the
scale from a dark shade of blue all the way up to a light shade of blue but the
way up to a light shade of blue but the
way up to a light shade of blue but the shade in the middle is missing now
shade in the middle is missing now
shade in the middle is missing now suppose somebody had never seen color
suppose somebody had never seen color
suppose somebody had never seen color before they had no prior experience of
before they had no prior experience of
before they had no prior experience of blue whatsoever if you showed them this
blue whatsoever if you showed them this
blue whatsoever if you showed them this scale the question is this would they be
scale the question is this would they be
scale the question is this would they be able to fill in the missing shade in
able to fill in the missing shade in
able to fill in the missing shade in their head without actually having to
their head without actually having to
their head without actually having to see it first most people intuitively
see it first most people intuitively
see it first most people intuitively think yes but remember for Hume any
think yes but remember for Hume any
think yes but remember for Hume any particular color is a simple idea so
particular color is a simple idea so
particular color is a simple idea so here it seems like somebody can imagine
here it seems like somebody can imagine
here it seems like somebody can imagine a simple idea the missing shade of blue
a simple idea the missing shade of blue
a simple idea the missing shade of blue without having had any corresponding
without having had any corresponding
without having had any corresponding impression of that shade of blue so this
impression of that shade of blue so this
impression of that shade of blue so this seems to be a counter example proving
seems to be a counter example proving
seems to be a counter example proving that David hume's empiricism is false
that David hume's empiricism is false
that David hume's empiricism is false it's a really clever idea oh and I
it's a really clever idea oh and I
it's a really clever idea oh and I forgot to tell you who came up with it
forgot to tell you who came up with it
forgot to tell you who came up with it this counter example comes from the work
this counter example comes from the work
this counter example comes from the work of an 18th century Scottish philosopher
of an 18th century Scottish philosopher
of an 18th century Scottish philosopher called David
called David
called David Hume yeah and I'm not talking like years
Hume yeah and I'm not talking like years
Hume yeah and I'm not talking like years later or something I mean like two pages
later or something I mean like two pages
later or something I mean like two pages later in the same text yes Hume himself
later in the same text yes Hume himself
later in the same text yes Hume himself asks if such a person could imagine the
asks if such a person could imagine the
asks if such a person could imagine the missing shade of blue and writes I
missing shade of blue and writes I
missing shade of blue and writes I believe there are few but will be of the
believe there are few but will be of the
believe there are few but will be of the opinion that he can and this may serve
opinion that he can and this may serve
opinion that he can and this may serve as a proof that simple ideas are not
as a proof that simple ideas are not
as a proof that simple ideas are not always derived from the correspondent
always derived from the correspondent
always derived from the correspondent Impressions wow okay so how does he
Impressions wow okay so how does he
Impressions wow okay so how does he respond to this he continues though the
respond to this he continues though the
respond to this he continues though the instance is so particular and that it's
instance is so particular and that it's
instance is so particular and that it's scarce worth our observing and does not
scarce worth our observing and does not
scarce worth our observing and does not Merit that for it alone we should alter
Merit that for it alone we should alter
Merit that for it alone we should alter our general Maxim H yeah that's right
our general Maxim H yeah that's right
our general Maxim H yeah that's right Hume admits that it's a counter example
Hume admits that it's a counter example
Hume admits that it's a counter example but basically says that we should just
but basically says that we should just
but basically says that we should just ignore it because it's only a small one
ignore it because it's only a small one
ignore it because it's only a small one remember viewer that only two pages
remember viewer that only two pages
remember viewer that only two pages earlier Hume challenged the reader to
earlier Hume challenged the reader to
earlier Hume challenged the reader to produce a single counter example and
produce a single counter example and
produce a single counter example and told us that it is certain he cannot and
told us that it is certain he cannot and
told us that it is certain he cannot and here is Hume himself answering that
here is Hume himself answering that
here is Hume himself answering that challenge two pages later providing a
challenge two pages later providing a
challenge two pages later providing a counter example and just telling us to
counter example and just telling us to
counter example and just telling us to ignore it this broadly speaking tends to
ignore it this broadly speaking tends to
ignore it this broadly speaking tends to baffle readers of David Hume it appears
baffle readers of David Hume it appears
baffle readers of David Hume it appears to be a blatant contradiction now you
to be a blatant contradiction now you
to be a blatant contradiction now you might have already thought of a solution
might have already thought of a solution
might have already thought of a solution for Hume many people when they hear this
for Hume many people when they hear this
for Hume many people when they hear this say well yeah you could imagine the
say well yeah you could imagine the
say well yeah you could imagine the missing shade of blue but it wouldn't
missing shade of blue but it wouldn't
missing shade of blue but it wouldn't really be a simple idea it would be a
really be a simple idea it would be a
really be a simple idea it would be a complex idea made up of the other Shades
complex idea made up of the other Shades
complex idea made up of the other Shades either side sort of mixed together
either side sort of mixed together
either side sort of mixed together that's a fine suggestion but we weirdly
that's a fine suggestion but we weirdly
that's a fine suggestion but we weirdly Hume himself offers no such explanation
Hume himself offers no such explanation
Hume himself offers no such explanation he just admits that it is a counter
he just admits that it is a counter
he just admits that it is a counter example to empiricism and to most
example to empiricism and to most
example to empiricism and to most readers the existence of such a counter
readers the existence of such a counter
readers the existence of such a counter example should be enough to disprove a
example should be enough to disprove a
example should be enough to disprove a theory but Hume just tells us to ignore
theory but Hume just tells us to ignore
theory but Hume just tells us to ignore it but what if Hume was just wrong about
it but what if Hume was just wrong about
it but what if Hume was just wrong about this what if most of us are wrong I mean
this what if most of us are wrong I mean
this what if most of us are wrong I mean most people assume like Hume that yeah
most people assume like Hume that yeah
most people assume like Hume that yeah we could fill in the missing shade why
we could fill in the missing shade why
we could fill in the missing shade why wouldn't we be able to but then most
wouldn't we be able to but then most
wouldn't we be able to but then most people also assume that chat GPT could
people also assume that chat GPT could
people also assume that chat GPT could fill in the gap between an empty and a
fill in the gap between an empty and a
fill in the gap between an empty and a half full glass of wine but it can't
half full glass of wine but it can't
half full glass of wine but it can't could these situations be related last
could these situations be related last
could these situations be related last month I got a text from Joe Folly of
month I got a text from Joe Folly of
month I got a text from Joe Folly of unsolicited advice shout out Joe about
unsolicited advice shout out Joe about
unsolicited advice shout out Joe about this AI wine problem he said made me
this AI wine problem he said made me
this AI wine problem he said made me think of the missing shade of blue and
think of the missing shade of blue and
think of the missing shade of blue and yeah maybe there's something in this
yeah maybe there's something in this
yeah maybe there's something in this could this tell us that we shouldn't be
could this tell us that we shouldn't be
could this tell us that we shouldn't be so confident in assuming that a person
so confident in assuming that a person
so confident in assuming that a person with no prior experience of color could
with no prior experience of color could
with no prior experience of color could fill in the gap with the missing shade
fill in the gap with the missing shade
fill in the gap with the missing shade of blue it may seem intuitive but we've
of blue it may seem intuitive but we've
of blue it may seem intuitive but we've never actually tested it well this gave
never actually tested it well this gave
never actually tested it well this gave me an idea why don't we just test it
me an idea why don't we just test it
me an idea why don't we just test it using chat GPT obviously chat GPT does
using chat GPT obviously chat GPT does
using chat GPT obviously chat GPT does have every conceivable shade of blue in
have every conceivable shade of blue in
have every conceivable shade of blue in its data set but I asked it to Simply
its data set but I asked it to Simply
its data set but I asked it to Simply remove one shade of blue from its data
remove one shade of blue from its data
remove one shade of blue from its data set and then see if it could reproduce
set and then see if it could reproduce
set and then see if it could reproduce that shade of blue just by looking at
that shade of blue just by looking at
that shade of blue just by looking at the other Shades chat GPT told me that
the other Shades chat GPT told me that
the other Shades chat GPT told me that it can't actually alter its data set but
it can't actually alter its data set but
it can't actually alter its data set but it can simulate this EXP experiment by
it can simulate this EXP experiment by
it can simulate this EXP experiment by generating a gradient of blue Shades
generating a gradient of blue Shades
generating a gradient of blue Shades then removing a single shade from the
then removing a single shade from the
then removing a single shade from the gradient and then only using the rest of
gradient and then only using the rest of
gradient and then only using the rest of the gradient try to fill in the Gap even
the gradient try to fill in the Gap even
the gradient try to fill in the Gap even better afterwards it can then compare
better afterwards it can then compare
better afterwards it can then compare the shade it imagined with the actual
the shade it imagined with the actual
the shade it imagined with the actual shade it previously removed and see how
shade it previously removed and see how
shade it previously removed and see how accurate it was crucially I also
accurate it was crucially I also
accurate it was crucially I also requested that it doesn't refer to
requested that it doesn't refer to
requested that it doesn't refer to numbers so no maths no using hex codes
numbers so no maths no using hex codes
numbers so no maths no using hex codes or equivalent it then ran this
or equivalent it then ran this
or equivalent it then ran this experiment and sure enough it generated
experiment and sure enough it generated
experiment and sure enough it generated a shade of blue identical to the actual
a shade of blue identical to the actual
a shade of blue identical to the actual shade it previously removed so chat gbt
shade it previously removed so chat gbt
shade it previously removed so chat gbt could imagine the missing shade of blue
could imagine the missing shade of blue
could imagine the missing shade of blue just by looking at the shades
just by looking at the shades
just by looking at the shades surrounding it this means that the
surrounding it this means that the
surrounding it this means that the counter example is legitimate and that
counter example is legitimate and that
counter example is legitimate and that empiricism fails right not so fast The
empiricism fails right not so fast The
empiricism fails right not so fast The crucial question is how chat GPT filled
crucial question is how chat GPT filled
crucial question is how chat GPT filled in the Gap chat GPT told me that this is
in the Gap chat GPT told me that this is
in the Gap chat GPT told me that this is what it did to estimate the missing
what it did to estimate the missing
what it did to estimate the missing shade I visually Blended the two closest
shade I visually Blended the two closest
shade I visually Blended the two closest Shades around it visually Blended it
Shades around it visually Blended it
Shades around it visually Blended it didn't just fill in the Gap exactly but
didn't just fill in the Gap exactly but
didn't just fill in the Gap exactly but instead it mixed together the two shades
instead it mixed together the two shades
instead it mixed together the two shades on either side this shows that while
on either side this shows that while
on either side this shows that while Hume was correct that the missing shade
Hume was correct that the missing shade
Hume was correct that the missing shade Could Be Imagined he was wrong at least
Could Be Imagined he was wrong at least
Could Be Imagined he was wrong at least in this case to assume that the shade
in this case to assume that the shade
in this case to assume that the shade imagined would be a simple idea chat GPT
imagined would be a simple idea chat GPT
imagined would be a simple idea chat GPT has clearly here produced a complex idea
has clearly here produced a complex idea
has clearly here produced a complex idea a mixture of two other ideas two other
a mixture of two other ideas two other
a mixture of two other ideas two other Shades put together so no this doesn't
Shades put together so no this doesn't
Shades put together so no this doesn't disprove empiricism all it does is
disprove empiricism all it does is
disprove empiricism all it does is disprove that the missing shade of blue
disprove that the missing shade of blue
disprove that the missing shade of blue is a legitimate counter example since
is a legitimate counter example since
is a legitimate counter example since hume's challenge was for us to show a
hume's challenge was for us to show a
hume's challenge was for us to show a simple idea without a corresponding
simple idea without a corresponding
simple idea without a corresponding impression chat GPT has come up with a
impression chat GPT has come up with a
impression chat GPT has come up with a complex idea so this solution to the
complex idea so this solution to the
complex idea so this solution to the missing shade of blue counter example
missing shade of blue counter example
missing shade of blue counter example one I alluded to earlier of just taking
one I alluded to earlier of just taking
one I alluded to earlier of just taking other Shades and mixing them together
other Shades and mixing them together
other Shades and mixing them together does seem to work and while it is
does seem to work and while it is
does seem to work and while it is bizarre that David Hume didn't come up
bizarre that David Hume didn't come up
bizarre that David Hume didn't come up with such a solution himself and didn't
with such a solution himself and didn't
with such a solution himself and didn't even try to the fact that he contradicts
even try to the fact that he contradicts
even try to the fact that he contradicts himself doesn't mean that his ideas were
himself doesn't mean that his ideas were
himself doesn't mean that his ideas were necessarily wrong it just means that he
necessarily wrong it just means that he
necessarily wrong it just means that he failed to properly and fully defend them
failed to properly and fully defend them
failed to properly and fully defend them however chat GPT has perhaps provided us
however chat GPT has perhaps provided us
however chat GPT has perhaps provided us with a more complicated replacement for
with a more complicated replacement for
with a more complicated replacement for the missing shade of blue the missing
the missing shade of blue the missing
the missing shade of blue the missing volume of wine and this might be a more
volume of wine and this might be a more
volume of wine and this might be a more informative challenge too while the
informative challenge too while the
informative challenge too while the former is about perceptual continuity
former is about perceptual continuity
former is about perceptual continuity and can be solved by just blending
and can be solved by just blending
and can be solved by just blending adjacent ideas together to fill in the
adjacent ideas together to fill in the
adjacent ideas together to fill in the Gap this new problem seems to be more
Gap this new problem seems to be more
Gap this new problem seems to be more about conceptual abstraction can we make
about conceptual abstraction can we make
about conceptual abstraction can we make sense of The Impressions that we're
sense of The Impressions that we're
sense of The Impressions that we're observing now bear in mind that for us a
observing now bear in mind that for us a
observing now bear in mind that for us a glass of wine is a complex impression
glass of wine is a complex impression
glass of wine is a complex impression made up of lots of Parts but chat PT
made up of lots of Parts but chat PT
made up of lots of Parts but chat PT never sees the wine glass get filled up
never sees the wine glass get filled up
never sees the wine glass get filled up it just sees the completed image all at
it just sees the completed image all at
it just sees the completed image all at once and so it seems to be treating
once and so it seems to be treating
once and so it seems to be treating images of wine glasses as a whole as
images of wine glasses as a whole as
images of wine glasses as a whole as simple Impressions not complex
simple Impressions not complex
simple Impressions not complex impressions as they appear to us well
impressions as they appear to us well
impressions as they appear to us well okay even if these are simple
okay even if these are simple
okay even if these are simple Impressions why can't chat gbt then just
Impressions why can't chat gbt then just
Impressions why can't chat gbt then just combine the image of The Empty Glass and
combine the image of The Empty Glass and
combine the image of The Empty Glass and the image of the normally filled glass
the image of the normally filled glass
the image of the normally filled glass to produce a complex impression of a
to produce a complex impression of a
to produce a complex impression of a quarter filled glass of wine well I
quarter filled glass of wine well I
quarter filled glass of wine well I think it's because crudely if you just
think it's because crudely if you just
think it's because crudely if you just mix together an image of an empty wine
mix together an image of an empty wine
mix together an image of an empty wine glass and an image of a normally filled
glass and an image of a normally filled
glass and an image of a normally filled glass let's do it on Photoshop right now
glass let's do it on Photoshop right now
glass let's do it on Photoshop right now you don't get a quarter full glass of
you don't get a quarter full glass of
you don't get a quarter full glass of wine instead you get a wine glass with a
wine instead you get a wine glass with a
wine instead you get a wine glass with a ghostly half visible serving of wine to
ghostly half visible serving of wine to
ghostly half visible serving of wine to a normal level but only at 50% opacity
a normal level but only at 50% opacity
a normal level but only at 50% opacity and that's why if we're treating the
and that's why if we're treating the
and that's why if we're treating the empty wine glass and the normally filled
empty wine glass and the normally filled
empty wine glass and the normally filled wine glass as simple Impressions an
wine glass as simple Impressions an
wine glass as simple Impressions an observer be it us or chat gbt likely
observer be it us or chat gbt likely
observer be it us or chat gbt likely requires more than just the ability to
requires more than just the ability to
requires more than just the ability to combine visuals in order to produce the
combine visuals in order to produce the
combine visuals in order to produce the desired quarter filled glass of wine it
desired quarter filled glass of wine it
desired quarter filled glass of wine it has to also make some kind of sense of
has to also make some kind of sense of
has to also make some kind of sense of what it sees and that's why I say that
what it sees and that's why I say that
what it sees and that's why I say that this problem is less about just plugging
this problem is less about just plugging
this problem is less about just plugging in a gap like the missing shade of blue
in a gap like the missing shade of blue
in a gap like the missing shade of blue and instead more about conceptual
and instead more about conceptual
and instead more about conceptual abstraction and for that reason if you
abstraction and for that reason if you
abstraction and for that reason if you ask me much more interesting chat GPT
ask me much more interesting chat GPT
ask me much more interesting chat GPT does seem to behave in a humean fashion
does seem to behave in a humean fashion
does seem to behave in a humean fashion so to find out if human beings function
so to find out if human beings function
so to find out if human beings function in the same way we might ask the
in the same way we might ask the
in the same way we might ask the following question suppose a human being
following question suppose a human being
following question suppose a human being had never seen liquids or receptacles
had never seen liquids or receptacles
had never seen liquids or receptacles before if such a person saw an image of
before if such a person saw an image of
before if such a person saw an image of an empty wine glass and an image of a
an empty wine glass and an image of a
an empty wine glass and an image of a wine glass filled to a normal level
wine glass filled to a normal level
wine glass filled to a normal level could that person based only on these
could that person based only on these
could that person based only on these data imagine a glass of wine a quarter
data imagine a glass of wine a quarter
data imagine a glass of wine a quarter of the way full with wine the prior
of the way full with wine the prior
of the way full with wine the prior experimental conditions necessary for
experimental conditions necessary for
experimental conditions necessary for this kind of kind of situation are so
this kind of kind of situation are so
this kind of kind of situation are so convoluted that it's actually really
convoluted that it's actually really
convoluted that it's actually really difficult to consider the question I'm
difficult to consider the question I'm
difficult to consider the question I'm genuinely not sure what the answer is
genuinely not sure what the answer is
genuinely not sure what the answer is but interestingly chat GPT might
but interestingly chat GPT might
but interestingly chat GPT might function a bit like a parody of David
function a bit like a parody of David
function a bit like a parody of David hume's empiricism this is what you would
hume's empiricism this is what you would
hume's empiricism this is what you would end up with if that's how thinking
end up with if that's how thinking
end up with if that's how thinking actually worked something like chat GPT
actually worked something like chat GPT
actually worked something like chat GPT and an inability to imagine a glass of
and an inability to imagine a glass of
and an inability to imagine a glass of wine filled to the brim and maybe that
wine filled to the brim and maybe that
wine filled to the brim and maybe that just is how a human being would also
just is how a human being would also
just is how a human being would also react if you genuinely man to get them
react if you genuinely man to get them
react if you genuinely man to get them into that very specific set of
into that very specific set of
into that very specific set of circumstances but if you think that a
circumstances but if you think that a
circumstances but if you think that a human could imagine the missing volume
human could imagine the missing volume
human could imagine the missing volume of wine in that specific set of
of wine in that specific set of
of wine in that specific set of circumstances and that seems kind of
circumstances and that seems kind of
circumstances and that seems kind of plausible to me then perhaps this is
plausible to me then perhaps this is
plausible to me then perhaps this is because humans can just naturally
because humans can just naturally
because humans can just naturally abstract Concepts in a way that chat GPT
abstract Concepts in a way that chat GPT
abstract Concepts in a way that chat GPT simply can't and perhaps we've learned
simply can't and perhaps we've learned
simply can't and perhaps we've learned something interesting from this while
something interesting from this while
something interesting from this while chat GPT May well behave like the
chat GPT May well behave like the
chat GPT May well behave like the perfect humean thinker maybe human Minds
perfect humean thinker maybe human Minds
perfect humean thinker maybe human Minds just work differently or look maybe you
just work differently or look maybe you
just work differently or look maybe you think that these Concepts aren't related
think that these Concepts aren't related
think that these Concepts aren't related at all and I'm totally wrong to be
at all and I'm totally wrong to be
at all and I'm totally wrong to be raising this comparison but at the very
raising this comparison but at the very
raising this comparison but at the very least you have to admit that this glass
least you have to admit that this glass
least you have to admit that this glass of wine business is at least an
of wine business is at least an
of wine business is at least an interesting example of chat gpt's
interesting example of chat gpt's
interesting example of chat gpt's cognitive failings however of course
cognitive failings however of course
cognitive failings however of course whether this example is so particular
whether this example is so particular
whether this example is so particular and singular that it is scarce worth our
and singular that it is scarce worth our
and singular that it is scarce worth our observing is up to you to decide thanks
observing is up to you to decide thanks
observing is up to you to decide thanks for watching
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